Right ventricular (RV) function is significant for cardiac pump function, as it provides preload to the left ventricle and systemic circulation while maintaining interventricular interdependence. Acute right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) can occur perioperatively, often in patients with chronic ischemic or non-ischemic cardiomyopathies, chronic lung disease, pulmonary hypertension, or valvular conditions. For instance, one-third of heart failure patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) also exhibit RVD and the incidence rises to 48% when LVEF is reduced. Acute perioperative RVD may arise from sudden increases in RV afterload due to factors like pulmonary embolism, hypoxia, hypercapnia, or acidemia, or from decreased RV contractility resulting from conditions such as RV infarction, myocarditis, or post-cardiotomy shock. An accurate assessment of RV function is essential for preoperative risk stratification, determining the appropriate care setting, and managing intraoperative and postoperative care. Despite substantial evidence linking perioperative RVD to adverse clinical outcomes, there is a lack of published guidelines or recommendations to aid clinicians in conducting comprehensive, evidence-based assessments of RVD risk during the perioperative period.